first century house in bethlehem

They were often in caves or built on caves, and many homes had levels or terraces. Both Gospel accounts state clearly that Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea. Bethlehem Prophecy Fulfilled It's so fertile because Bethlehem sits on an enormous aquifer, which eventually. Owen has a bachelor of arts degree from the University of Toronto and a journalism degree from Ryerson University. But as well as this he was one of the great builders of the ancient world - cities, fortresses, palaces, the Temple. Mud-brick buildings (Job 4:19) of similar plan occur, and to protect this friable material from the weather, the walls were sometimes covered with a casing of stone slabs, as at Lachish. There was no effort to attract attention to this place of retirement.3 The purpose of these dwellings is borne out by the meaning of the Hebrew and Arabic words for "house." Biblical Archaeology - Significant Discoveries from Ancient Empires. Bethlehem with the Herodium in the distance 1898. If Jesus was really born in a cave in Bethlehem, that cave may have been part of a house or a shelter for the animals. Floor plans of Bethlehem's Single Brethren House. Small and modest, the house consisted of two rooms and a courtyard with a cistern to collect rainwater. no we have not met. Annunciation to Joseph in Bethlehem2. 19:13; 27:15; Ps. PURPOSES OF THE HOUSE In Bible times men did not build houses with the idea in mind that most of their daily living would be spent inside them. Massacre of the Innocents in Bethlehem7. 22:14). Also with the captivity would it have remained apart of David (Chimhams inheritance)? From such a position Eutychus could easily fall. Around part, if not the whole, of the court is a veranda, often nine or ten feet deep, over which, when there is more than one floor, runs a second gallery of like depth, with a balustrade. Jerusalem under the Kings, Wall of David and Solomon, Wall of Hezekiah, Wall of Herod Agrippa, Wall of Herod's temple, Present enclosure of the Haram-esh-Sharif, Enclosing wall of Solomon's buildings, Via Dolorosa according to the present tradition, Holy Rock (site of the altar of the burnt offerings), Solomon's Pool, David's house, House of the Mighty Men . It was the shepherds of Bethlehem who would first come to pay homage to the new-born babe in the manger, before the The Magi from the East would do so. Large Map of Israel in the First Century - Click around on the Cities. At the side of the court opposite the entrance was the: (3) guest chamber (Luke 22:11-12), Hebrew lishkah, from laashak, "to recline"; where Samuel received his guests (1 Samuel 9:22). by . King David was born in Bethlehem and anointed king there by Samuel the Prophet. Given the antipathy between Jews and Samaritans, Joseph. (Photo copyright Ken Dark. Bethlem was founded in 1247 and through most of its history reflected contemporary views on the treatment and care of people with a mental illness. 11 West Church Street, Bethlehem, PA 18018 (610) 867-3761. Copyright K.R.Dark Dark believes the cave-church is the one mentioned by the Christian pilgrim Egeria, who wrote a detailed account of her visit to the Holy Land in the 380s. There are no chimneys, but fire is made when required with charcoal in a chafing-dish; or a fire of wood might be made in the open court of the house Lu 22:65 Some houses in Cairo have an apartment open in front to the court with two or more arches and a railing, and a pillar to support the wall above. 5:2 But you, O Bethlehem Ephrathah, who are too little to be among the clans of Judah, from you shall come forth for me one who is to be ruler in Israel, whose coming forth is from of old, from ancient days. Sulpicius Severus, Sacred History 2.33. The architecture of Palestine and ancient Israel covers a vast historical time frame and a number of different styles and influences over the ages. The property is non-smoking and is located 46 km from Kestell Golf Club. They were used, not only as places of recreation in the evening, but also sometimes as sleeping-places at night (1 Sam. The hostel welcomes guests from all over the world and is located near the renowned Nazareth market, one of the city's most interesting attractions that have likely drawn you to this very city. Many visitors, however, are also quick to note how little the modern city of Bethlehem resembles the first-century Judean village of the gospel accounts. A repurposed cave located under a first-century house excavated near Bethlehem. Bethlehem is first mentioned in the Bible as the town nearest to where Jacob's wife Rachel died and was buried ( Genesis 35:19; 48:7 ); at that time, it was a Canaanite settlement. Bethlehem is located 5 miles south of Jerusalem. First-century houses in that part of the world had two levels. Centuries after Jesuss time the house was decorated with mosaics and a church was built over it. Michael, we dont know enough about Bethlehem as the ancient city is mostly built over. Built over a cave in 326 AD, many believe it marks the site where Christ was actually born in a stable. They all lived happily on one hard mud floor (2 Samuel 12:3), they would raise the family, and sleeps through the night in this one room. There is however, many records of people being forced to be counted in their parents home if they are not the head of their own house. But most first-century houses in Israel had two stories, an upper floor for sleeping and a lower floor for cooking and keeping animals . The most prodigious period in Bethlehem began with the founding in 1741 until the end of the General Economy in the 1760s. Though a house might have been drab on the outside, inside it was cool, comfortable and pleasant. There is a mosaic floor about two feet underneath the current floor that some archaeologists believe is from the original church. There are many references to the use of caves as dwellings in the Old Testament. Psalm 61:3; Isaiah 4:6). The Church News is an official publication of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 1. Remember, Jospeh and Mary were traveling to Bethlehem for the census, and he would likely have had many relatives in the city. During the first 20 years of the settlement, Europeans, African-Americans, and American Indians lived, worked, worshiped, and went to school together. CENTURY 21 is the most recognized name in Real Estate today1. Protection of the roof by parapets was enjoined by the law. ft. home is a 2 bed, 3.0 bath property. therefore it shall be, [that] what thing soever thou shalt hear out of the king's house, thou shalt tell [it] to Zadok and Abiathar the priests.2 Chronicles 3:11 - And the wings of the cherubims [were] twenty cubits long: one wing [of the one cherub was] five cubits, reaching to the wall of the house: and the other wing [was likewise] five cubits, reaching to the wing of the other cherub.Exodus 20:17 - Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that [is] thy neighbour's.2 Kings 8:5 - And it came to pass, as he was telling the king how he had restored a dead body to life, that, behold, the woman, whose son he had restored to life, cried to the king for her house and for her land. She obviously had a place to stay as she had done for three months with Elizabeth, and the two of them are obviously interested and vested in the safe delivery of both of their children. March 2, 2015, 1:05 PM PST / Source: Live Science. This domestic configuration allowed for almost no private space, especially when accommodating extended or multigenerational families. The Tabernacle of Ancient Israel - Brief Overview of the Tabernacle of Moses in the Wilderness and the Ark of the Covenant. The roads in first century Israel in the time of Jesus were as follows (See Map of Israel's Highways Below): 1. 1. The Smithy was built in 1750 expanded in 1761 and a second floor added. The Church of the Nativity is a popular pilgrimage spot during the Christmas season. At times he still lived in a house (Genesis 17:27); so also Isaac (Genesis 27:15), and Jacob (Genesis 33:15). They often had an upper room that served as a guest chamber and a raised area in the lower level where the family lived and ate their meals. 32:29; 19:13).http://www.bible-history.com/eHouse in Fausset's Bible Dictionary Known to man as early at least as Cain; the tent not until Jabal, the fifth in descent from Cain (Genesis 4:7; Genesis 4:17; Genesis 4:20). This image shows a particularly famous source known today as "Marys Spring." In the hierarchy of power, the Jewish self-government reported to the authority of the local Roman government (King Herod), which reported to Rome (Emperor Caesar). and [we have] none inheritance in the son of Jesse: every man to your tents, O Israel: [and] now, David, see to thine own house. In a letter dated April 4, 1923, he stated that "at the time I knew nothing about old houses but remember liking the place very much in a perfectly ignorant way." . 11:2; Isa. The rudest cell built of rough stones in mud and covered a with roof of brushwood and mud was at first sufficient. The Kemerer Museum of Decorative Arts is housed in three interconnected mid-1800s homes featuring changing exhibits, period rooms, and galleries highlighting furniture, paintings, china, clothing, and silver over three centuries of decorative arts. - Wed. 9AM - 8PM Thurs. Gentile Ruth was, of course, one of these amazing few women mentioned in the genealogy of Jesus in Matthew Ch. One such shepherd from the village was David, who as a young man was anointed by the prophet Samuel to rule over Israel (1 Samuel 16:113) and who later came to symbolize prophetic hopes of the nations future kingship (see Isaiah 11:116; Amos 9:1115 and Jeremiah 23:56). Most of the tribal people in the Book of Genesis were nomads who lived in tents and travelled with their flocks. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nativity_of_Jesus_map_%E2%80%93_Gospel_of_Matthew.png, 1. 1Sa 9:25,26; 2Sa 11:2; 16:22; Job 27:18; Pr 21:9; Da 4:29 They were also used as places for devotion and even idolatrous worship. The outer doors are closed with a wooden lock, but in some cases the apartments are divided from each other by curtains only. The title of the Thirtieth Psalm reads, "A Psalm; Song at the dedication of the house of David." Bethlehem is located 5 miles south of Jerusalem. In most homes, the entire family slept in the same room and guests would've joined them if room was available. Mary and Elizabeth were related, but were not cousins. So all Israel went to their tents.Isaiah 63:7 - I will mention the lovingkindnesses of the LORD, [and] the praises of the LORD, according to all that the LORD hath bestowed on us, and the great goodness toward the house of Israel, which he hath bestowed on them according to his mercies, and according to the multitude of his lovingkindnesses.Psalms 135:20 - Bless the LORD, O house of Levi: ye that fear the LORD, bless the LORD.1 Kings 12:16 - So when all Israel saw that the king hearkened not unto them, the people answered the king, saying, What portion have we in David? Asaf T., Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Matthew 2:56). The difference between the poorest houses and those of the class next above them is greater than between these and the houses of the first rank. Its history stretches back into Old Testament times, with its first mention in Gen. 35:19, where it is also called Ephrath/Ephrathah. 22:8). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bernhard_Fiedler_-_Kloster_in_Bethlehem_-_2972_-_Kunsthistorisches_Museum.jpg. There is this Bethlehem of Judah, a Bethlehem of Galilee (Joshua 19:15), and possibly a Bethlehem of Benjamin (Nehemiah 7:26; Genesis 35:16, 19; 48:7; 1 Samuel 10:2; Jeremiah 13:4-7; 18:23). If you look in our Image Library at places like Ephraim, Capernaum or Chorazin, you will get some idea. Also found at the site were tombs, a cistern and, later, a Byzantine church. Sozomen, Ecclesiastical History 2.2.1). It would be another 2.5 months or so before she and Joseph went with Mary from Nazareth to Bethlehem (Luke 2:4,5). Within this is a court or courts with apartments opening into them. The most significant aspect of Bethlehem, however, is the location of the birth of Jesus Christ. Jesus was the Lamb of God, as described by John The Baptist and was Gods first-born son. Kelli, Jere 22:13 Paul preached in such a room on account of its superior rise and retired position. If you were Joseph, when would you take the tripwhen shes about to give birth or a few weeks (or even months) before? Bethlehem - Ancient Roots Bethlehem is about six miles south of Jerusalem in Israel. First-century homes in the Judean hill country have been excavated and studied. Today archaeologists know that this tomb was built sometime after the house was abandoned. This image shows how it looked in 1916. Bethlehem's First House. Israel's Roads. In response to the urging of contemporaries to restore . The shepherds are to go to nearby Bethlehem and search the houses until they find a newborn baby laying in a . "Houses of One Room AFTER ISRAEL had been in the land of Canaan many years and had settled down from the nomadic life to the more stable agricultural pursuits, houses began to take the place of tents as places of abode. Lot dwelt with his two daughters in cave (Gen 19:30). This latter feature likely resembles the "manger" into which Jesus . The church father Origen also wrote in the 3rd century that Jesus was born in a certain cave (Origen, Contra Celsum 1.51). People have asked me where I think Jesus was born. Carved into the upper part of the wall on the left is a row of small niches for holding oil lamps, and carved into the cave wall on the right is a row of feeding or watering troughs for animals. Visiting the site The Moravians believed that all people, both men and women, should receive the same education; that all people should receive health care; that women should have equal rights with men in the community; and that all people should work together for the good of the community without prejudice regarding race, gender, or ethnicity. Pam, Would like any information on what Bethlehem looked like at his birth please. The political dynamics of this episode can be seen in one final archaeological feature on the Bethlehem landscape the monumental fortress-palace and tomb that Herod constructed near the southeast of the village called Herodion. These writings come from before the time of Emperor Hadrian (ca. Joseph, Mary and Jesus relocate to Nazareth, Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. The porch of the high priest's palace (Matthew 26:71; puloon, which is translated "gate" in Acts 10:17; Acts 12:14; Acts 14:13; Revelation 21:12) means simply "the gate." Thank you for your work and your time. | Ken Dark. John 6:51 51 I am the living bread which came down out of the heaven [Yeshua's words in purple] AllAboutArchaeology.org, "Ivory houses" had the upper parts of the walls adorned with figures in stucco with gold and ivory (1 Kings 22:39; 2 Chr. The Moravians located their crafts, trades, and industries along the waterways and their dwellings on the limestone bluff above. missed you on the trip this year. Matthew and Luke also give an account of the birth of Jesus in Bethlehem, and many pilgrims and scholars have attempted to figure out just where in Bethlehem Jesus was born. However in the Middle Ages people thought that this tomb belonged to Joseph, the husband of the Virgin Mary. 1. The roofs are commonly but not always flat, and are usually formed of plaster of mud and straw laid upon boughs or rafters; and upon the flat roofs, tents or "booths" of boughs or rushes are often raised to be used as sleeping- places in summer. In addition to living together, Moravians worked together under the General Economy, a system where everyone works and provides for the good of the community and, in return, receives care from birth to death. Part of the ancient cave complex, now used as a series chapels, under the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. The Hebrews after the Conquest took possession of the captured cities, and seem to have followed the methods of building that had been pursued by the Canaanites. Originally built by Emperor Constantine's mother, Helena, in the 4th century, Emperor Justinian rebuilt the current structure in the mid-6th century. Fauzi Azar by Abraham Nazareth's Fauzi Azar is a 19th-century mansion turned one-of-a-kind guesthouse that reopened in 2005 after undergoing a transformation. Founded: 1857. For centuries, the village mostly consisted of a cluster of homes accessed by a dirt road that branched off from the Way of the Patriarchs the main north-south trade route between Jerusalem and Hebron that brought a significant amount of interregional traffic from Egypt, Arabia and Syria. Originally located east of the Patriarchal highway running north-south through Judah, it was a fertile area. Although these available sources do not allow for a complete reconstruction of the village known by Mary and Joseph, particularly because only limited excavation work has been conducted in Bethlehem itself, they do provide valuable insights into the cultural setting of the Nativity story, the main elements featured in the Gospels, and what daily life would have been like in Bethlehem at the time of the New Testament. Ive long been a fan of your work Mr. Ritmeyer. If that were the case, it is possible that much of the agricultural produce from around Bethlehem, as well as many of the sheep and goats being raised there, were used to supply the various offerings and sacrifices necessary for the Jerusalem temple, as implied in later rabbinic sources (see m. Shekelim 7:4). The text never mentions a stable at all, only a manger. The Byzantine complex could also be the one referenced in the writings of the Irish pilgrim and monk Adomnn. [Manners And Customs of Bible Lands]. In Egypt the Israelites resumed a fixed life in permanent houses, and must have learned architectural skill in that land of stately edifices. The upper was where the family lived, and the lower was where the animals were kept during the night for protection and warmth in the winter . Today, for example, Bethlehem is a densely populated and multicultural urban center filled with Palestinian marketplaces, shops selling local souvenirs to pilgrims, restaurants serving traditional Bedouin cuisine, minarets sounding the Muslim call to prayer, and various Christian holy places commemorating events connected with the birth of Jesus. According to Canaanite custom, she also provided additional services. Map Store - Download High-Res Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | All rights reserved. links: this went thru my mind | preachersmith. The first Nativity scene probably occurred at a location now covered by the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. this is wonderful to peruse upon. It was, quite literally, Bethlehem's first house. The Gospel states there was no room at the inn, so it doesnt seem Jesus could have been born there (if it was in fact an inn and not a guest room such as that where Jesus and his disciples ate the Passover the night before his crucifixion-Luke uses the same word and not the word he uses for inn elsewhere). 29:2) used in building, and to the internal wood-work of the houses (1 Kings 6:15; 7:2; 10:11, 12; 2 Chr. The forecourt of the tomb seen here cuts through the abandoned home. Their town plan grouped their choir (residential) houses together, surrounding them with kitchen gardens and orchards. It would have been in the late fall, sometime after sukkot, when the sheep would have been grazing on the stubble in the fields, rather than the grass in the pasture. The phrase because there was no room for them in the inn (Luke 2:7) may better be rendered because there was no space in the room, indicating that Joseph and Mary may have found shelter in a relatives home at the time. This prophecy is fulfilled at the birth of Jesus of Nazareth, the Messiah, and John 7:42 explains this prophecy as referring to the Christ. functioning efficiently, and placing the client first at all times. Internal Appearance III. Outside the house, so that Ehud could readily escape after slaying Eglon (Judges 3:23), and the bearers of the paralytic, unable to get to the door, could easily mount by the outside stairs to the roof, and, breaking an opening in it, let him down in the midst of the room where Jesus was (Mark 2:4). Visitors to Bethlehem immediately feel of its profound scriptural significance as they recall the events of the Nativity while viewing the ancient landscape on which they occurred. A fifth century church was built over the remains of a first century house. It is against this backdrop that Matthew presents Jesus, rather than Herod, as Judeas legitimate king, sent by God through the lineage of David (Matthew 1:117) and born in Bethlehem the Old Testament home of David prophesied to also be the birthplace of the future Davidic messiah (see Micah 5:2; cf. Today, the Church of the Nativity stands over this cave in Bethlehem. Writing a book on David. Bethlehem is also mentioned in the book of Judges, is the main setting in the book of Ruth, and according to the book of Samuel, where King David grew up. They then for the first time inhabited cities (Gen. 47:3; Ex. In addition to these historical insights, the natural topography in this region and archaeological surveys conducted near Bethlehem provide glimpses into the first-century landscape of the surrounding countryside, including natural grottos for sheltering animals; low stone fences to delineate grazing spaces; watchtowers made from stacked fieldstones to offer security; and small immersion pools (miqvaot) cut into the bedrock, which allowed agricultural workers to maintain the biblical standards of ritual purity required to handle produce or animals that would be sent to the temple. Ancient Jerusalem - Interactive Study of Jerusalem with Map. There are debates over the actual burial location of Rachel, with most following the Biblical text placing it away from Bethlehem, on the road to the city. Since it seems to have been an insignificant village at the time, it's doubtful that an inn even existed there then. The shepherds fields, small watchtowers, terraces and natural caves used for grazing sheep and goats along the hill slopes outside of Bethlehem. . Notify me of follow-up comments by email. It is primarily thought of as a New Testament city, but is actually extremely old. Jointly published by the Deseret News and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, its content supports the doctrines, principles and practices of the Church. 1 Chronicles 29:2 - Now I have prepared with all my might for the house of my God the gold for [things to be made] of gold, and the silver for [things] of silver, and the brass for [things] of brass, the iron for [things] of iron, and wood for [things] of wood; onyx stones, and [stones] to be set, glistering stones, and of divers colours, and all manner of precious stones, and marble stones in abundance.Deuteronomy 7:26 - Neither shalt thou bring an abomination into thine house, lest thou be a cursed thing like it: [but] thou shalt utterly detest it, and thou shalt utterly abhor it; for it [is] a cursed thing.1 Kings 8:64 - The same day did the king hallow the middle of the court that [was] before the house of the LORD: for there he offered burnt offerings, and meat offerings, and the fat of the peace offerings: because the brasen altar that [was] before the LORD [was] too little to receive the burnt offerings, and meat offerings, and the fat of the peace offerings.Ezekiel 40:48 - And he brought me to the porch of the house, and measured [each] post of the porch, five cubits on this side, and five cubits on that side: and the breadth of the gate [was] three cubits on this side, and three cubits on that side.Ezekiel 43:11 - And if they be ashamed of all that they have done, shew them the form of the house, and the fashion thereof, and the goings out thereof, and the comings in thereof, and all the forms thereof, and all the ordinances thereof, and all the forms thereof, and all the laws thereof: and write [it] in their sight, that they may keep the whole form thereof, and all the ordinances thereof, and do them.Ezekiel 48:21 - And the residue [shall be] for the prince, on the one side and on the other of the holy oblation, and of the possession of the city, over against the five and twenty thousand of the oblation toward the east border, and westward over against the five and twenty thousand toward the west border, over against the portions for the prince: and it shall be the holy oblation; and the sanctuary of the house [shall be] in the midst thereof.2 Samuel 15:35 - And [hast thou] not there with thee Zadok and Abiathar the priests? In some parts of Israel and Arabia stone is used, and in certain districts caves in the rocks are used as dwellings. More recently the Nazareth Archaeological Project has been conducting work at the site. Four photographs of surviving buildings in Bethlehem; 5. 21:9), and as places of devotion (Jer. This sketch contains homes in ancient Israel. The house served as a place of retirement. The word for harlot (zonah) is closely related to mazon which means food. Mic. The English equivalent is the word "house." The first section of the Single Sisters House was constructed in 1744 parallel to the Gemeinhaus along the limestone bluff and facing south. For this reason the outside walls of the humble house were not inviting. (See Bliss, A Mound of Many Cities.) It was here in 1741 at the union of the Monocacy Creek and Lehigh River that the first Moravians, members of a Protestant denomination, felled white oak trees and began building their community on a 500 acre tract. The first-century house, showing one of its rock-cut walls. Our collection of maps are simple and they are free. A minimum of wood was used in the roof structure: wood was expensive. The commoners house contained only one room for the whole family. At the end of the room there would be some steps down to a lower level, going down only a couple of feet. By 1400, it had become a medieval "hospital" -. The natural successor to the cave was the stone-built hut, and just as the loose field-bowlders and the stones, quarried from the caves, served their first and most vital uses in the building of defense walls, so did they later become material for the first hut. Also found at the site were tombs, a cistern and, later, a Byzantine church. The Babylonians - Learn about ancient Babylon and the people who lived there. Her was a descendant of Aaron, as was Elisabeth. The Christianized American Indian village of Nain, located one mile west from the Gemeinhaus, was dismantled in 1765 when the American Indians were forced by the colonial Pennsylvania government to move west. Am 5:11 The houses are usually of one story only, viz., the ground floor, and often contain only one apartment. Luke writes that there was no place for them in the inn, better translated guestroom, and so the next place of shelter available would have been either another house built in a cave (some houses in this period in Roman Palestine were built in caves) or in a shelter for storage or animals. Research reveals that people in the Middle Ages believed that Jesus grew up in this home. Yeshua the Living Bread was born in the House of Bread. In the Old Testament period, it began to develop as a modest settlement along a crescent-shaped ridge on the border of the Judean hill country to the west and the Judean desert to the east. Although the New Testament does not mention a cave, a second-century source states that Jesus was born in one. Amusement, business, conversationhttp://www.bible-history.com/fHouse in Naves Topical Bible Built of Stone Le 14:40-45; Isa 9:10; Am 5:11 Brick Ge 11:3; Ex 1:11-14; Isa 9:10 Wood So 1:17; Isa 9:10 -Built into city walls Jos 2:15 -Used for worship Ac 1:13,14; 12:12; Ro 16:5; 1Co 16:19; Col 4:15; Phm 1:2 -"A man's castle," De 24:10,11 -ARCHITECTURE OF Foundations of stone 1Ki 5:17; 7:9; Ezr 6:3; Jer 51:26 Figurative Ps 87:1; Isa 28:16; 48:13; Ro 15:20; 1Co 3:11; Eph 2:20; 1Ti 6:19; Heb 6:1; Re 21:14 Cornerstone Job 38:6; Ps 144:12 Figurative Ps 118:22; Isa 28:16; Eph 2:20; 1Pe 2:6 Porches Jud 3:23; 1Ki 7:6,7 Courts Es 1:5 Summer apartment Jud 3:20; with Am 3:15; 1Ki 17:19 Inner chamber 1Ki 22:25 Chambers Ge 43:30; 2Sa 18:33; 2Ki 1:2; 4:10; Ac 1:13; 9:37; 20:8 Guest chamber Mr 14:14 Pillars Pr 9:1 With courts Ne 8:16 Lattice Jud 5:28 Windows Jud 5:28; Pr 7:6 Ceiled and plastered Da 5:5 Hinges Pr 26:14 Roofs, flat Jos 2:6; Jud 16:27; 1Sa 9:25; 2Sa 11:2; 16:22; Isa 15:3; 22:1; Mt 24:17; Lu 12:3 Battlements required in Mosaic law De 22:8 Prayer on Ac 10:9 Altars on 2Ki 23:12; Jer 19:13; 32:29; Zep 1:5 Booths on Ne 8:16 Used as place to sleep Jos 2:8; Ac 10:9 Used as dwelling place Pr 21:9; 25:24 Painted Jer 22:14; Eze 8:10,12 Chimneys of Ho 13:3 Texts of Scripture on doorposts of De 6:9 Laws regarding sale of Le 25:29-33; Ne 5:3 Dedicated De 20:5; Ps 30 -FIGURATIVE 2Sa 7:18; Ps 23:6; 36:8; Joh 14:2; 2Co 5:1; 1Ti 3:15; Heb 3:2http://www.bible-history.com/nHouse in Smiths Bible Dictionary The houses of the rural poor in Egypt, as well as in most parts of Syria, Arabia and Persia, are generally mere huts of mud or sunburnt bricks. The church mostly dates to the 6th century construction of Emperor Justinian, but additions and modifications were made during the medieval era.

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